纺织学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (06): 31-37.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20241001901

• 纤维新材料与纺织绿色发展青年科学家沙龙专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

纺织基触摸电子织物的制备及其触摸性能

徐桐1, 徐瑞东1, 王奕文1, 田明伟1,2()   

  1. 1.青岛大学 纺织服装学院, 山东 青岛 266071
    2.青岛大学 健康与防护智能纺织品研究中心, 山东 青岛 266071
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-11 修回日期:2025-02-28 出版日期:2025-06-15 发布日期:2025-07-02
  • 通讯作者: 田明伟(1987—),男,教授,博士。主要研究方向为纤维新材料及智能纺织品。E-mail: mwtian@qdu.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:徐桐(2001—),男,硕士生。主要研究方向为智能电子纺织品。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFB3805800);国家自然科学基金项目(52473307);国家自然科学基金项目(22208178);国家自然科学基金项目(62301290);泰山学者工程专项经费资助项目(tsqn202211116)

Preparation and touching characterization of textile-based touch electronics fabric

XU Tong1, XU Ruidong1, WANG Yiwen1, TIAN Mingwei1,2()   

  1. 1. College of Textile and Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
    2. Health & Protective Smart Textiles Research Center, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
  • Received:2024-10-11 Revised:2025-02-28 Published:2025-06-15 Online:2025-07-02

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摘要： 针对现有凝胶基触摸电子设备生物相容性差、界面牢度低等瓶颈问题,提出以蚕丝织物为基底、导电水性聚氨酯为导电层的纺织基触摸电子织物的制备策略。采用自乳化法工艺制备水性聚氨酯乳液,构建高均匀分散特性的导电网络体系,组装具有层叠结构的纺织基触摸电子织物;表征水性聚氨酯合成过程中特征基团的变化趋势以及触摸电子织物的微观形貌,研究触摸电子织物触摸定位原理,分析形变对触摸信号的影响规律。结果表明:人体与织物在接触界面处可形成耦合电容微结构,从而破坏织物表面的均匀静电场,造成接触点处电势降低,引起触摸信号,实现触摸点的一维坐标定位;触摸电子织物的响应时间仅为73 ms,恢复时间为100 ms,表现出优异的响应速度;多次触摸相同位置,触摸信号波动仅为0.118%,表现出优异的稳定性;施加30°、60°、90°、120°、150°、180°弯曲角度后,触摸电子织物的触摸信号波动幅度低于5%,表现出形变不灵敏特性;此外,触摸电子织物具有优异的耐久性,放置60 d后触摸电流变化率仅为1.5%。基于此,开发出柔性织物触控键盘,可实现远程触控交互功能,在智能可穿戴领域具有广阔的应用前景。

关键词: 水性聚氨酯, 自乳化法, 触摸电子织物, 耦合电容, 触控传感, 蚕丝织物

Abstract:

Objective The bionic reconfiguration of touch as a basic human sensory channel has become a key scientific issue in the development of artificial intelligence and robotics. But, most of the current touch sensing devices are composed of composite electrodes with hydrogel as the sensing layer, which has inherent problems such as poor bio-compatibility and low inter-facial fastness. Therefore, this work provide a strategy to address the above issues. Silk fabric with natural bio-compatibility is used as substrate material. Conductive waterborne polyurethane(WPU) which can form inter-molecular interactions with silk fabric is used as upper material, constructing textile-based touch electronics fabric.

Method Textile-based touch electronics fabric has a laminated structure with a conductive waterborne polyurethane upper layer and a silk fabric lower layer. Conductive waterborne polyurethane which is a blend of waterborne polyurethane and multi-walled carbon nanotube has excellent electrical properties and stability. Waterborne polyurethanes are synthesized by the self-emulsification method. Electronics fabric can recognize touch position, because before touching electronics fabric has been construct uniform electric field. When touching electronics fabric, electrical circuit is built and touch current is stimulated. Based on natural skin-friendly and presence of inter-molecular interaction between silk and conductive waterborne polyurethane, electronics fabric has high bio-compatibility and stable inter-facial fastness.

Results Select 11 points on the surface of the electronics fabric at equal intervals and touch them sequentially from left to right. The results displayed that the touch current monitored by the A1 ammeter decreases and touch current with A2 rises insteps, which the sum of current monitored by two ammeters is constant. Choosing the midpoint of the fabric as the test point, the test found that the response time is 73 ms and the recovery time is 100 ms, which proves that the touch electronics fabric has a high response speed. Touching the midpoint of the fabric for 500 times and comparing the change of touch current for 1, 50, 100, 300 and 500 times, the result shows that the change rate of touch current is only 0.118%, which proves that the touch electronic fabric has excellent touch stability. Touch electronics fabric is placed for 60 d and the midpoint is selected as the touch point. Comparing the change of touch current in 0, 5, 10, 15, 30 and 60 d, the result proves that the change rate of touch current is less than 1.5%, which proves that the touch electronic fabric has excellent touch durability. Different bending angles, including 30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, 150°, 180°, are applied to touch electronics fabric, and the midpoint of touch electronics fabric is selected as touch point. By monitoring the change of touch current under different angles, the result proves that the maximum fluctuation of touch current is only 5%, which proves that the touch electronic fabric can still work under the bending state. In addition touch electronics fabric is successfully applied to the development of a flexible keyboard. The electronics fabric is divided into three parts, the left, middle, right parts correspond to the left, down and right movement in the control of Tetris. Based on this function, the interface interaction can be realized by dividing the touch electronics fabric into different zones.

Conclusion A textile-based touch electronics fabric with silk fabric as the substrate and waterborne polyurethane/multi-walled carbon nanotubes as the conductive paste is prepared and investigated, which solves the bottlenecks such as poor bio-compatibility and low inter-facial fastness of traditional ionogel-based touch devices. The silk touch electronics fabric has excellent touch sensing characteristics such as high-precision touch positioning function, excellent response time (73 ms), touch stability and touch durability. In addition, the touch electronics fabric also has deformation insensitive characteristics, and the touch current of the textile can still be maintained constant after many times of bending and deformation. On this basis, a fabric control interface is developed to realize touch game control, which has a broad application prospect in the field of intelligent wearable human-computer interaction.

Key words: waterborne polyurethane, self-emulsification method, touch electronics fabric, coupling capacitance, touch sensing, silk fabric

中图分类号: 

  • TM242

图1

IPDI和水性聚氨酯薄膜的傅里叶变换红外光谱图"

图2

不同多壁碳纳米管固含量的导电水性聚氨酯混合浆料的流变性能"

图3

触摸电子织物的微观形貌照片"

图4

触摸电子织物触摸原理示意图"

图5

触摸电子织物的电流变化规律"

图6

触摸电子织物的响应时间"

图7

触控电子织物触控交互展示"

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