Journal of Textile Research ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (03): 240-246.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20250904001

• Functional Textiles • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Preparation and antibacterial properties of natural colored cotton/Antheraea pernyi staple fiber blended yarns

SHAO Yinghai1, PIAO Hongwei1,2,3(), CAO Jipeng1, ZHANG Yue1, XU Lanjie1, YU Xuezhi1, ZHANG Mingguang1   

  1. 1 College of Textile and Garment, Liaodong University, Dandong, Liaoning 118003, China
    2 School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
    3 State Key Laboratory of Advanced Separation Membrane Materials, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
  • Received:2025-09-10 Revised:2026-01-17 Online:2026-03-15 Published:2026-03-15
  • Contact: PIAO Hongwei E-mail:houngweepark@163.com

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Abstract:

Objective To address the inherent disadvantages of natural colored cotton, including short fiber length, low breaking tenacity and poor spinnability, as well as the unclear antibacterial regulation mechanism of blended yarns from various colored cotton varieties, Antheraea pernyi staple fiber (APF) was blended with natural colored cotton to prepare composite blended yarns. This study was intended to enhance the spinnability and yarn-forming properties of colored cotton via APF blending, reveal the regulation law of colored cotton varieties on antibacterial performance of blended yarns, and supply theoretical and experimental references for high-value utilization of natural colored cotton in green skin-friendly textiles.

Method Three kinds of 29.5 tex blended yarns, namely brown cotton fiber (BCF)/APF (70/30), green cotton fiber (GCF)/APF (70/30) and white cotton fiber (CF)/APF (70/30), were manufactured by conventional cotton carding spinning process. The 70/30 blending ratio was determined by preliminary experiments, which maintained the inherent environmental-friendly characteristics of colored cotton, improved spinnability efficiently by introducing APF, and balanced yarn functionality and industrial production cost. The microstructure, tensile properties and yarn quality indexes were systematically tested and characterized. The influence of intrinsic properties of colored cotton on yarn quality was investigated, and the antibacterial discrepancy and corresponding intrinsic mechanism of colored cotton/APF blended yarns were emphatically analyzed.

Results The results indicated that 30% APF could effectively compensate for the inferior yarn-forming properties induced by inherent defects of natural colored cotton. High proportion of colored cotton deteriorated yarn breaking tenacity, breaking elongation and evenness, while increased yarn hairiness, and GCF presented the most adverse influence. Benefiting from the reinforcement effect of APF, comprehensive properties of all blended yarns fully met subsequent textile processing requirements. Obvious differences in antibacterial property existed among different colored cotton/APF systems, and BCF/APF yarn exhibited far better antibacterial activity than GCF/APF. Such difference originated from diverse antibacterial components in colored cotton: brown cotton contained abundant condensed tannins, which produced synergistic antibacterial effect with sericin in APF, whereas green cotton was dominated by flavonoids with relatively weak antibacterial capacity. Under identical spinning parameters, the breaking tenacity of BCF/APF yarn reached 11.87 cN/dtex, superior to 9.14 cN/dtex of GCF/APF yarn, together with lower hairiness, reflecting superior spinnability and processing adaptability. In addition, BCF/APF yarn showed outstanding antibacterial performance against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, with antibacterial rate above 95%.

Conclusion Although inherent defects of natural colored cotton negatively affect yarn performance, 30% APF blending can effectively alleviate these adverse effects. BCF/APF blended yarn possesses satisfactory comprehensive quality and prominent antibacterial performance. This study clarifies the antibacterial regulation mechanism of colored cotton varieties, and provides a feasible technical scheme for natural colored cotton application in green textiles. The developed blended yarn enjoys promising application prospects in green eco-friendly skin-friendly fabrics and functional textiles, and is conducive to the sustainable development of green textile industry and the realization of China's Dual Carbon Strategy.

Key words: natural colored cotton, Antheraea pernyi staple fiber, blended yarn, antibacterial property, yarn quality, yarn linear, yarn twist

CLC Number: 

  • TS 114.5

Tab.1

Specifications of adopted fibers"

纤维
编号		 平均长
度/mm		 线密度/
dtex		 断裂强度/
(cN·dtex-1)		 断裂伸长
率/%		 初始模量/
(cN·dtex-1)
BCF 28.40 1.60 1.95 6.50 44.80
GCF 24.50 1.44 1.76 5.58 39.10
CF 32.10 1.74 2.21 6.91 52.24
APF 30.40 2.83 3.15 15.80 118.31

Fig.1

Physical photos of three blended yarns"

Tab.2

Linear densities and twists of blended yarns"

纱线种类 工艺线
密度/tex		 实际线
密度/tex		 捻度/
(捻·m-1)
BCF/APF(70/30) 29.5 29.29±0.23 987
GCF/APF(70/30) 29.5 29.09±0.39 982
CF/APF(70/30) 29.5 29.54±0.11 989

Tab.3

Tensile properties of blended yarns"

纱线种类 断裂强度 断裂伸长率
平均值/
(cN·tex-1)		 CV值/
%		 平均
值/%		 CV值/
%
BCF/APF(70/30) 11.87 6.2 11.48 14.20
GCF/APF(70/30) 9.14 6.9 9.42 37.44
CF/APF(70/30) 13.67 5.8 12.97 10.87

Tab.4

Common yarn defects of blended yarns"

纱线种类 细节/
(个·km-1)		 粗节/
(个·km-1)		 棉结/
(个·km-1)
-40% -50% +35% +50% +140% +280%
BCF/APF
(70/30)		 1 637 597 2 954 1 023 2 798 256
GCF/APF
(70/30)		 2 290 1 162 3 543 1 297 3 496 423
CF/APF
(70/30)		 1 032 233 2 172 843 2 238 212

Fig.2

Yarn evenness (a) and hairiness (b) of three types of blended yarns"

Fig.3

Antibacterial rates of blended yarns against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus"

Fig.4

Antibacterial effect of blended yarns against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus(×10)"

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