纺织学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (08): 175-184.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20200606110

• 综合述评 • 上一篇    下一篇

高分子聚合物硬骨缺损修复材料研究进展

孙钰晟1, 左保齐1,2()   

  1. 1.苏州大学 纺织与服装工程学院, 江苏 苏州 215123
    2.苏州大学 现代丝绸国家工程实验室, 江苏 苏州 215123
  • 收稿日期:2020-06-22 修回日期:2021-05-08 出版日期:2021-08-15 发布日期:2021-08-24
  • 通讯作者: 左保齐
  • 作者简介:孙钰晟(1997—),男,硕士生。主要研究方向为丝蛋白生物材料。

Research progress of high-molecular polymer material for bone defect repair

SUN Yusheng1, ZUO Baoqi1,2()   

  1. 1. College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
    2. National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
  • Received:2020-06-22 Revised:2021-05-08 Published:2021-08-15 Online:2021-08-24
  • Contact: ZUO Baoqi

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摘要：

为开发生物相容性好、力学性能优异、安全有效和性能稳定的硬骨缺损修复材料,对构成硬骨缺损修复材料的种类、性能优缺点以及未来研究趋势进行综述。首先分析了以丝素蛋白、壳聚糖、胶原、聚乙烯醇、聚己内脂等高分子聚合物为原料制备硬骨缺损修复材料的最新研究进展;其次针对其在硬骨缺损修复骨髓炎治疗中的应用及其在研究中存在的不足进行分析。硬骨缺损修复材料涉及多学科交叉,以天然高分子聚合物以及合成高分子聚合物为原料制成的骨缺损修复材料可极大地促进其在骨组织工程中的应用,同时以石墨烯、氧化石墨烯、二氧化钛、羟基磷灰石等为代表的无机类材料在今后有望成为骨缺损修复材料的研究热点。

关键词: 骨组织工程, 硬骨缺损修复材料, 丝素蛋白, 天然高分子聚合物, 合成高分子聚合物, 骨髓炎

Abstract:

In order to develop bone defect-repairing materials with good biocompatibility, excellent mechanical properties and property stability, the types, properties, advantages and disadvantages as well as future research trends of bone defect-repairing materials were reviewed. This paper firstly summarizes the recent research progress in preparation of bone defect-repairing materials by polymers such as silk fibroin, chitosan, collagen, polyvinyl alcohol, polycaprolactone, and polylactic acid and its derivatives. In view of applications in the treatment of osteomyelitis in repairing bone defects, shortcomings of the materials and the research gaps were analyzed. It is concluded that the development of bone defect-repairing materials are multidisciplinary, and the repair materials made from natural and synthetic high-molecular polymers can greatly promote their applications in bone tissue engineering. It is also pointed out that inorganic materials such as graphene, graphene oxide, titanium dioxide, hydroxyapatite are expected to become the research focuses of bone defect-repairing materials in the future.

Key words: bone tissue engineering, bone defect-repairing material, silk fibroin, natural high-molecular polymer, synthetic high-molecular polymer, osteomyelitis

中图分类号: 

  • R318.08

表1

常用的硬骨缺损修复支架"

复合支架 目的 文献
负载万古霉素明胶基复合支架 通过万古霉素杀灭致病菌达到治疗骨髓炎目的 [8]
壳聚糖/透明质酸、纳米珍珠粉复合支架 在组成以及结构上模拟骨组织达到治疗硬骨缺损目的 [9]
竹纤维/羟基磷灰石/聚乳酸乙醇酸复合支架 提高支架孔隙率以及成骨效应 [10]

表2

丝素蛋白溶解方式"

溶解方式 特点
氯化钙/乙醇/水 对丝素蛋白没有严重降解作用,无毒且高效
溴化锂 溴化锂溶解的丝素蛋白比通过氯化钙/乙醇/水三元溶解体系溶解的丝素蛋白具有更高的分子质量[17]
甲酸/氯化钙 可直接将丝素分解成微纳米纤维,且丝素蛋白纳米纤维的形貌与氯化钙浓度密切相关,材料在干燥以及潮湿状态下具有良好的力学性能[16]

表3

高分子聚合物硬骨缺损修复再生材料"

硬骨缺损修复
再生材料		 种类 文献
天然高分子聚合物 胶原蛋白、壳聚糖、透明质酸 [27-30]
合成高分子聚合物 聚乙烯醇、聚己内脂、聚乳酸及其衍生物 [31-33]
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