纺织品生态阻燃技术研究进展

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20200803810

Abstract

Abstract:

With the increasingly stringent environmental regulations worldwide and the progress of sustainable development, the ecologicalization of textile flame retardant technology is imminent, and the development and application of ecological flame retardant technology and environmentally friendly flame retardants are the key. In order to promote the development of ecological textile flame-retardant technology and flame-retardant textiles, the conventional flame-retardant performance construction methods and the ecological improvement research progress in the current textile processing and molding process are summarized based on the existing achievements.The review covers spinning, weaving and finishing. At the same time, the research and application progress of new ecological flame retardant finishing technology are described. Furthermore, the promising environmentally friendly flame retardant, biomass flame retardant, its types and the research progress in textile ecological flame retardant technology are introduced. Finally, it is pointed out that the key to promote its industrial application is to solve by interdisciplinary efforts the two bottleneck problems, i.e. operational complexity and high cost.

Key words: textile flame retardant technology, ecological flame retardant technology, biomass flame retardant, halogen-free flame retardant, functional textiles

CLC Number:

TS195

LUO Xiaolei, LI Ziyan, MA Ya'nan, LIU Lin, KRUCINSKA Izabella, YAO Juming. Progress in ecological flame retardant technology for textiles[J].Journal of Textile Research, 2021, 42(05): 193-202.

Figures/Tables 5

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References 58

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阻燃整理工艺		优点	缺点	参考文献
传统工艺	浸轧烘焙法	操作简单、灵活,普适性强,低成本	耐久性一般,影响面料手感,环保性差	[19]
	浸渍烘燥法			[20]
	涂布法			[21]
	喷雾法	引发方式多样,耐久性佳	反应操控复杂,损伤织物	[23]
	接枝法	引发方式多样,耐久性佳	反应操控复杂,损伤织物	[26-27]
新式工艺	溶胶-凝胶法	低温反应环境,阻燃层细腻,均匀性佳	反应时间长,成本高	[28]
	层层组装法	受基材影响小,便于精确定制	工艺步骤多	[15、31]
	微胶囊法	改善相容性,维持阻燃剂稳定性	壳层厚度难把控	[32]
	等离子体法	节能节水,操作简单,界面结合强度高,面料损伤小	活化面积有限,设备要求高	[28、34]

阻燃剂	阻燃机制	缺陷	参考文献
硅系	界面绝缘屏障	阻燃效率差,相容性差	[15]
无机金属化合物	固相吸热,不燃气体稀释,产物作界面绝缘屏障	阻燃效率低,相容性差,或含重金属元素	[36]
炭系	界面绝缘屏障,部分能捕获自由基	阻燃效率差,成本高	[37]
生物质	作碳源以促进成炭,不燃气体气相稀释,捕获自由基	部分价格昂贵,热稳定性差	[38-40]

Progress in ecological flame retardant technology for textiles

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