Table of Content

15 March 2019, Volume 40 Issue 03

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Fiber Materials

Preparation of wool keratin solution by reducing agent-formic acid process

LI Bo, YAO Jinbo, NIU Jiarong, WANG Le, FENG Mao, SUN Yanli

Journal of Textile Research. 2019, 40(03):  1-7.  doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20180400207

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In order to obtain the wool keratin solution with high fiber dissolution ratio and large protein molecular weight, the dissolution method of wool fibers was studied and optimized. On the basis of using organic phosphonic compounds (LKS-610) to effectively cleave the disulfide bonds in fibers, the dissolution state of pre-treated wool fibers in formic acid solution was studied. The fibers dissolution ratio, keratin solution viscosity and protein molecular weight distribution were tested as evaluation criteria, the optimal process for preparing keratin solution by using reducing agent-formic acid method was obtained, and the stability performance of keratin solution was also analyzed. The optimal dissolving process of wool fibers is that the mass of the pretreated wool fibers is 5 g, the volume of formic acid is 100 mL, the temperature is 50 ℃ and time is 5 h. Under the conditions, the dissolution ratio is about 65% and the molecular weights of keratin are distributed at 40-50 ku, 26 ku and 14.4 ku. In addition, the keratin solution shows good stability at normal temperature.

Preparation and properties of polylactic acid/polypropylene blend fiber by melt spinning

LI Xiaochuan, QU Qianqian, LI Xuming

Journal of Textile Research. 2019, 40(03):  8-12.  doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20180405305

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In order to enhance the mechanical properties of polylactic acid (PLA) fiber, polypropylene(PP) was melt blended with PLA, then PLA/PP blend fiber was prepared by melt spinning. The thermal property, heat stability, tensile property and orientation degree of the PLA/PP fiber were tested using differential scanning calorimeter, thermal gravimetric analyzer, universal testing machine, fiber birefringence meter, respectively. The results show that the addition of PP has no significant effect on the glass transition temperature and melting temperature of PLA, but the crystallization behavior of PLA is improved, and the degree of crystallinity enhances by 585.9%. With the increasing of PP content, the heat stability of PLA is decreased, especially the initial decomposition temperature is decreased obviously, but the carbon yield is increased. Meanwhile , the degree of orientation and mechanical properties of the PLA/PP fiber are enhanced. When the PP mass fraction is 20%, the orientation degree, breaking strength and elongation at break of the PLA/PP fiber increase 55.6%, 98.2% and 44.4%, respectively.

Preparation and characterization of polyacrylonitrile/polysulfonamide composite nanoyarns

JIN Shixin, LIU Shuhua, LIU Yan, ZHENG Yuansheng, XIN Binjie

Journal of Textile Research. 2019, 40(03):  13-19.  doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20180306307

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Aiming at the poor heat resistance of polyacrylonitrile (PAN), excellent heat resistance and poor dyeing property of polysulfone amide (PSA), a series of nanoyarns were prepared at different spinning voltages and collector rotating speeds by using a self-made dynamic electrospinning machine, with the concentration of spinning solution and the receiving distance kept constant. The structure and properties of the composite nanoyarns were studied by using scanning electron microscope, single yarn strength tester, capillary effect tester, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer and thermogravimetric analyzer. The experimental results show that the morphology of nanoyarns are significantly affected by spinning voltages and the collector rotating speeds. In addition, the mechanical properties of nanoyarns are also affected. It is found that the nanoyarns could achieve a better performance in morphology, strength and heat resistance at spinning voltage of 25 kV and collector rotating speed of 40 r/min. The nanoyarns show a better wicking performance at collector rotating speed of 60 r/min and spinning voltage of 30 kV.

Preparation and adsorption kinetics of calixarene fibers with selective adsorption of Pt(IV)

TAO Xuchen, LI Lin

Journal of Textile Research. 2019, 40(03):  20-25.  doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20180401407

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In order to prepare novel selective adsorption fibers containing calixarene, calixarene polyamide acid (CPAA) fibers were firstly prepared by amidating and electrospinning. Subsequently, the calixarene polyimide (CPI) fibers were obtained by thermal imidization of the CPAA fibers. The CPI and CPAA fibers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, scanning electron microscope and thermogravimetric analysis. The adsorption selectivity and adsorption kinetics of the CPI fibers were also investigated. The results show that calixarene is successfully incorporated into the CPAA and CPI fibers. The CPI fibers possess smaller diameter and higher thermal degradation temperatur by comparison with the CPAA fibers. Only the CPI fibers can adsorb Pt(IV) selectively from the mixture of Pt(IV) and Ag(I). The maximum Pt(IV) absorption capacity of CPI fibers is 28 mg/g at pH 7, and its adsorption behavior fits well with the first-order adsorption kinetics model. The adsorption rate constant is 0.003 9 min^-1 at 20 ℃ and increases with the elevating adsorption temperature. The required activation energy for adsorption is only 12.24 kJ/mol, which indicates the CPI fibers adsorbing Pt(IV) is easy to occur.

Heat transfer property of capric acid-palmitic acid-stearic acid/polyacrylonitrile/boron nitride composite phase change fibrous membranes

KE Huizhen, LI Yonggui

Journal of Textile Research. 2019, 40(03):  26-31.  doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20180302906

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Electrospun polyacrylonitrile/boron nitride (PAN/BN) composite nanofibrous membranes with different mass ratios were used as supporting materials to overcome the problems of poor thermal conductivity and the leakage problems of capric acid-palmitic acid-stearic acid (CA-PA-SA) ternary eutectic acting as solid-liquid phase change materials. And then innovative CA-PA-SA/PAN/BN composite phase change fibrous membranes were prepared by physical adsorption. The influences of BN nanoparticles with high thermal conductivity on their morphological structure, thermal performance, as well as thermal energy storage and release rates were studied. The scanning electron microscopy images reveals that the morphological structure of CA-PA-SA/PAN/BN composite phase change fibrous membranes are unaffected by the addition of 10 % BN nanoparticles. The differential scanning calorimetry results suggest that the melting temperatures and enthalpies of the prepared composite phase change fibrous membranes are about 25 ℃ and 136.4-138.6 kJ/kg, respectively. Heat transfer test results indicate that the integral heat transfer performance of CA-PA-SA/PAN/BN composite phase change fibrous membranes are improved by virtue of the addition of BN nanoparticles with high thermal conductivity, and their melting and freezing times are shortened about 38% and 41%, respectively.

Comparison between structure and performance of fresh cocoon raw silk and dry cocoon raw silk and identification method thereof

LI Bing, GE Guoping, GUO Wei, DONG Yongchun, CHEN Xingcan

Journal of Textile Research. 2019, 40(03):  32-38.  doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20180202207

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In order to identify fresh cocoon raw silk and dry cocoon raw silk, the surface morphology and structure properties of the two kinds of raw silk were characterized and compared by using electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and thermal gravimetric analysis and contact angle test, respectively, and then on the basis of the difference between their surface properties, an relatively simple and accuracy identification method for the two kinds of raw silk was established. The results indicated that the two kind of raw silk have the similar chemical composition, p-sheet conformation and thermal decomposition curves. However, compared with dry cocoon raw silk, fresh cocoon raw silk has a more uneven surface and a bigger gap between single fibers. Additionally, it showed less crystallinity and better hydrophilicity than dry cocoon raw silk. The two kinds of raw silk were efficiently identified using a method based on determination of their settling times in sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate aqueous solution. The accurate rates of this method are as high as 100% for fresh cocoon raw silk and near 80% for dry cocoon raw silk, respectively.

Textile Engineering

Formation mechanism of thick and thin sections of slub yarn and comparison of spinning process

ZHAO Yangyang, XUE Yuan, LIU Yuexing, ZHANG Guoqing

Journal of Textile Research. 2019, 40(03):  39-43.  doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20180303406

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In order to explore the variety adaptability of different slubbed yarn devices and develop new varieties of slub yarn, existing slub yarn devices were classified into device for rovings fed from a back roller in a single channel, device for rovings fed from middle and back rollers respectively in a single channel, device for rovings fed from middle and back rollers respectively in dual channels, device for rovings fed from back rollers in dual channels and device for rovings fed from back rollers in three channels according to the different number of roving yarns, the composition of the drafting mechanism, the roller shifting method, and the drafting ratio control method when spinning slub yarns. The mechanism of the formation of thick and thin sections of different slubbed yarn devices was analyzed systematically, then the formula for variable linear density of slub yarn was constructed. The technical characteristics of the spinning slub yarn were analyzed and compared to control the changes in line density and blending ratio for five devices. Finally, a color slub yarn with varying thickness and blending ratio was spun in the device for rovings fed from back rollers in three channels.

Friele color matching model of multi-channel rotor-spun mixed color yarn

YANG Ruihua, XU Yaya, HAN Ruiye, XUE Yuan, GAO Weidong

Journal of Textile Research. 2019, 40(03):  44-48.  doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20180202405

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In order to explore the blending effect of multi-channeled rotor spun, the color matching model was established by Friele theory. Model parameters of the Friele model of digital mixed color mixed yarn was calculated by the reflection of the two-component and three-component samples spun by roving of red, yellow and blue, respectively, two-component and three-component model parameters were obtained and compared with model parameters calculated by other researchers. The results show that the four model parameters calculated by this experiment are better to predict the color characteristics of multi-channeled rotor spun color-blended yarn than those recommended by the other researchers for both the two-component and three-component samples. Among them, compared with the model parameters calculated by the assignment method, the model parameters related to wavelengths for predicting the average color difference value of two-component and three-component samples reduce by 0.42 and 0.48, respectively. When the tolerance range is 1, the sample qualification rate is improved by 33% and 50%, respectively. It is concluded that the model parameters calculated at various wavelengths could better predict the color of multi-channeled rotor spun color-blended yarn.

Innovation design and performance test of needle composite wool fabric

CHEN Jingjing, WANG Biqi, WANG Xueqin

Journal of Textile Research. 2019, 40(03):  49-53.  doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20180401705

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In order to develop innovative needle composite wool fabrics, the polyester fabric and wool fibers were selected as raw materials. Modern non-woven needling machine was used for needling composite fabrics. The effects of wool fibers and polyester fabrics according to different arrangements was investigated and compared, and fabrics with different theme styles were designed. The samples with different quantities of wool fiber and fabric were arranged in different modes. The strength of tensile breaking,tearing and bursting of the specimen were tested, respectively to analyze the performance of the needled fabric. The reasons for these mechanical properties were analyzed. Application value were explored. The results show that the mechanical properties of composite needling are lower than their polyester base cloth. However, the mechanical properties of fiber increases with the increa of the fiber quantity, and the elongation decreases. Longitudinal mechanical properties are better than horizontal ones. The mechanical properties of wool sandwiched between two layers of polyester fabric are better than that on the two layers polyester fabric, and the needled hand touch and pattens are the best.

Mechanical properties of basalt plain fabric reinforced hot bonded puncture-resistant insoles composites

SUN Fei, LI Tingting, LIN Jiahorng, WU Hualing, LOU Chingwen

Journal of Textile Research. 2019, 40(03):  54-58.  doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20180506306

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In order to improve puncture-resistance and flexibility and reduce costs of insoles composites, basalt plain fabric and hot bonding were adopted to reinforce the puncture resistance stability of the insole composite. The influences of the amount of low-melting-point polyester fibers properties of tensioning, bursting and static puncturing of flat-head(A), spherical-head(B), and pointed-head(C)probes were analyzed. The result shows that, with the increasing of low-melting-point polyester fibers, the puncture resistance firstly increases then decreases gradually. When the low-melting-point fiber content is 30%, the tensile strength of the insoles material is 793.6 N under non-hot pressing (NHP) and 759.9 N under hot pressing (HP), and the bursting strength is 445.5 N (NHP) and 767.9 N (HP). The average static resistance of the insoles to different shapes is 329.0 N (NHP) and 392.4 N (HP).The effect of hot bonding reinforcement on bursting and puncture resistance is significant.

Development of warp-knitted three-layer and double color stereo jacquard shoe-upper

ZHANG Qi, WEI Li, XIA Fenglin

Journal of Textile Research. 2019, 40(03):  59-64.  doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20180405206

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Aiming to the difficult production of the warp-knitted three-layer and double color stereo jacquard shoe-upper in one-time for the ordinary double-needle bed jacquard warp knitting machine, a comparative analysis was made on the weaving institutions of double needle bed one/double-jacquard warp knitting machine and two-color sesame point effect and the pure two-color jacquard effect, and a new comb configuration method and jacquard control system and new jacquard method were proposed. According to the new comb configuration method, the double needle bed seamless warp knitting machine was modified, and the interval comb was installed. The new jacquard control scheme was adopted to control the Pre-Jaka comb to weave in front needle bed selectively. In combination with a new color block jacquard process that overcomes the drawbacks of the existing two-color process due to excessive dots or slices connections hard to line the spacer filaments, a two-color stereo jacquard shoe with a spacer layer was successfully woven on the upgraded RDJ6/2 warp knitting machine finally. The results show that the key for development of warp-knitted three-layer and double color stereo jacquard shoe-upper is the assembly optimization of knitting structure, control system and jacquard process.

Bending properties of zigzag 3-D woven spacer composites

ZHANG Xuefei, WANG Jingjing, LÜ Lihua, YE Fang

Journal of Textile Research. 2019, 40(03):  65-70.  doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20180306806

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For solving the easily-cracking and poor-integrated problem of laminated composites, the zigzag 3-D woven spacer fabric with the basalt fiber filaments tows as warp and weft yarns were fabricated on the common loom by reasonable design, which had three different spacer heights. The 3-D woven basalt fiber spacer composites were obtained from epoxy vinyl resin as matrix and 3-D woven basalt fiber spacer fabric as reinforced material by vacuum assisted resin transfer molding process. Then, the three-point bending property of 3-D woven basalt fiber spacer composite was tested by using RGY-5 microcomputer to control electronic universal machine, and the load-displacement curves, absorption energy-displacement histogram and failure model were obtained. Results show that the main bearing direction is the weft of material. The more numbers of organization will have better bending property at the rang of certain heights, the values of the load and absoption energy are bigger with the higher spacer height. The failure model of zigzag shaped 3-D woven spacer composite is that the upper surface of the material is under pressure, the bottom surface is under tension, and the connecting layer is under pressure. Under the bending load, the material are not integrally destructed, but obviously deforms.

Preparation and properties of glass fiber/polypropylene fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites

DONG Weiguo

Journal of Textile Research. 2019, 40(03):  71-75.  doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20180303005

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In order to obtain long fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites with high weight ratios and high degrees of orientation, a stretch-breaking process was adopted to prepare glass fibers (GF) and polypropylene (PP) filaments into bi-component slivers. The slivers were aligned in two perpendicular layers, and the resulted hybrid-fiber was subjected to hot pressing to form GF/PP long fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites. The morphology of the composites was observed, and their static and dynamic mechanical properties were characterized by using the tensile test, bending test, impact test, and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). The test results show that glass fibers with an average length of 22.9 mm has high straightness, highly oriented and dispersed in the PP matrix, and accounts for 45.73% of the composites. Glass fibers are fully saturated in the matrix, which provides the composites with a porosity of 1.58%. In comparison of composites prepared by extrusion molding and stretch-breaking process, the latter obtain greater mechanical properties. DMA results show that the glass transition temperature of composites is 73.4 ℃, and the composites retain good thermomechanical properties at 150 ℃ and maintain high storage modulus and small loss factor.

Dyeing and Finishing & Chemicals

Rapidly detection of alizarin and purpurin in textile relics by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

CHEN Lei, PEI Kemei, KANG Xiaojing, LI Wenying, ZHAO Feng, LIU Jian

Journal of Textile Research. 2019, 40(03):  76-82.  doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20180305807

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In order to quickly detect natural pigments in ancient relics and achieve non-destructive analysis, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS) was adopted to rapidly identify natural dyes of alizarin and purpurin in textile relic samples. Silver colliod was adopted a substrate to detect alizarin and purpurin standard. The SERS spectra of alizarin and purpurin were identified detailed by the density functional theory. The difference of SERS spectra of alizarin and purpurin at three excitation wavelengths was analyzed, and the characteristic peaks for judging the presence of alizarin and purpurin were found. Based on the SERS of alizarin and purpurin standard, extracting a fiber about 2 mm long in the textile relics. After pretreatment of cultural fiber by in situ non-extraction hydrolysis method, SERS technology was used for the detection. The results shows that the red dye components in the textile relics which are unearthed in Xinjiang's Yingpan plate are alizarin and purpurin.

Water and oil repellent finishing of cotton fabric based on fluoroacrylate miniemulsion

QIAN Haihong, WANG Hongbo, DU Jinmei, FU Jiajia, WANG Wencong

Journal of Textile Research. 2019, 40(03):  83-89.  doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20180300107

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In view of the problems of environmental pollution,poor finishing effect and washing fastness in the process of water and oil repellent finishing, a C₄ short chain fluorinated acrylate miniemulsion was synthesized by miniemulsion polymerization,and its influence on water and oil repellent finishing of cotton fabric was investigated. The influence of pretreatment method, mass concentration of miniemulsion and drying/curing process on the contact angle of cotton fabric were discussed by univariate analysis. The experimental results show that the water and oil repellent properties of cotton fabric achieve the optimal effect under the conditions of the mass concentration of miniemulsion 60 g/L,the immersion time 30 min, drying at 80 ℃ for 3 min and curing at 160 ℃ for 3 min. In this process, the contact angle of cotton fabric to water is 160°,to olive oil is 154°,to hexadecane is 135°. After 30 times of washing,the contact angle of cotton fabric to water is 145°,to olive oil is 133° and to hexadecane is 113°. In addition, the crease recovery angle of the treated fabric increases by 36%, and the breaking strength and whiteness have no significant decrease.

Preparation and properties of graphene-knitted electrode materials

YANG Jing, LIU Yanjun

Journal of Textile Research. 2019, 40(03):  90-95.  doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20180301406

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In order to achieve better combination of graphene and fabric, flexible supercapacitors with foldable and good electrochemical properties were prepared, using ethanol and N, N-dimethylformamide as solvents and the flake graphite as a solute. Graphene solution was prepared by liquid phase stripping method, and graphene was loaded onto knitted fabric surface by electrochemical deposition method. The surface morphology, content and composition of the knitted fabric and the flexible electrode were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. Research results indicate that the number of graphene layers loaded on the surface of the fabric is smaller, the agglomeration is not obvious, and the graphene is loaded on the fabric successfully by electrochemical deposition. When the electrodeposition time is 90 min, the specific capacitance of graphene-fabric electrode material is 464.3 F/g, and the equivalent series resistance is 10.45 Ω, showing good capacitance, conductivity, cycle performance and flexibility.

Dyeing and Finishing & Chemicalsc

Influence of dielectric barrier discharge on adherent property of hose reinforcement layer

SUN Lei, CAI Yingying, YE Wei, JI Tao, SUN Qilong

Journal of Textile Research. 2019, 40(03):  96-101.  doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20180305106

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In order to improve the adherent property between fire-fighting hose reinforcement layer of high strength polyester tubular fabric and an ethylene propylene diene monomer(EPDM) lining, the tubular fabrics were treated by dielectric barrier discharge(DBD) plasma. The influences of DBD plasma treatment time on the properties of fabrics such as tensile strength, fabric wicking height, surface morphology, surface chemical composition and adherent property were studied. The scanning electron microscopy images show that obvious etching marks appear in the surface of the fiber after plasma treatment. X-ray photonic spectroscopy analysis shows that the oxygen and nitrogen polar functional groups are added to the surface of fibers. The wicking height increases with the increase of treatment time. The breaking strength of the polyester tows decreases with the increase of the treatment time, and when treatment time is 60 s, the strength loss rate is 3.9%. After treatment, the peeling strength between the tubular fabric and EPDM is improved greatly, and when treatment time is 60 s, the peeling strength is increased by 35.1%.

Dyeing and Finishing & Chemicals

Application of acrylate-silicone/organic pigment submicron capsules in pigment printing

CHEN Zhijie, ZHOU Peng, DU Chunxiao, JIN Qianhong, QI Dongming, XIANG Zhong

Journal of Textile Research. 2019, 40(03):  102-108.  doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20180300807

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In order to further improve the handle feeling, permeability and other performance of the fabric printed by the organic pigment submicron capsules, vinyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (ViPDMS) was co-polymerized with acrylic monomer (Acr) by miniemulsion polymerization, and a series of P(DMS-Acr)/PB submicron capsules were prepared. Then the P(DMS-Acr)/PB submicron capsules with high viscous flowability were used for the pigment printing of polyester plain weave fabric, and the air permeability, stiffness, dry and wet rubbing fastness and K/S values of the printed fabric were tested and compared. The results show that when the mass fraction of ViPDMS is 30%, a uniform and stable dark latex with an average particle size of 318 nm can be obtained. The K/S values and the dry and wet rubbing fastness of the fabric printed by the P(DMS-Acr)/PB submicron capsules are similar with these of the PAcr/PB printed fabric, while the air permeability and the fabric stiffness are much better than the later. It is considered that the introduction of the silicone composition into the submicron capsule wall material can significantly enhance the viscous flowability and the phase separation capability of the coating on the fabric surface during the baking process.

Preparation of photocatalyst loaded activated carbon grafted with polyhydrazide for removing formaldehyde

ZHANG Yian, DI Jianfeng

Journal of Textile Research. 2019, 40(03):  109-117.  doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20171202310

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In order to solve the problem of pollution due to formaldehyde, PAH grafted activated carbon (ACm-g-PAH)was prepared by the condensation reaction of grafting polyhydrazide onto nitric acid-modified activated carbon. Then, the self-purifying removal formaldehyde material of Mn_x/Ag_y-TiO₂-l-ACm-g-PAH (photocatalyst Mn_x/Ag_y-TiO₂ loaded PAH grafted activated carbon) was further assembled to eliminate the possibly secondary pollution by loading Mn_x/Ag_y-TiO₂(Mn and Ag co-doped nano-TiO₂) on the surface of ACm-g-PAH. The morphology and chemical composition of Mn_x/Ag_y-TiO₂-l-ACm-g-PAH were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. And then the catalytic formaldehyde data was fitted to the kinetic equation by software Originpro 8.5 and the dynamic law of catalytic formaldehyde for Mn_x/Ag_y-TiO₂-l-ACm-g-PAH was studied. The influences of activation time, activation temperature and N,N-Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide(DCC) concentration on the formaldehyde removal rate of Mn_x/Ag_y-TiO₂-l-ACm-g-PAH materials were compared . The test results show that when the activation time is 2 h, the activation temperature is 650 ℃, DCC is 2% of the mass of activated carbon, and PAH is 11 mmol/L, its removal formaldehyde rate of the Mn_x/Ag_y-TiO₂-l-ACm-g-PAH is 99.6%. When the formaldehyde concentration loading is in the range of 5-28.2 mg/g, the formaldehyde removal rate of Mn_x/Ag_y-TiO₂-l-ACm-g-PAH show a tendency to decrease. After cleaning for 10 cycles, the self-purifying capability of the material is reduced to 12%.

Bentonite supported Zn-Co ozone catalyst for treatment of simulated dye wastewater

SUN Huiping, LÜ Wenzhou

Journal of Textile Research. 2019, 40(03):  118-124.  doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20180302507

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In order to obtain an efficient ozone catalyst, bentonite was used as carrier, and Fe³⁺, Cu²⁺, Mn²⁺, Ni²⁺, Co²⁺ and Zn²⁺ were selected as active components to prepare supported catalysts by a solution mixing method. The influence of supported catalysts on degradation rate and kinetic characteristics of acid red in catalytic oxidation system were studied, and then the best active components were obtained. According to orthogonal experimental design, the best catalyst preparation conditions were achieved, and characterized by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the best two-component catalyst is bentonite supported Zn-Co. The optimum conditions for the preparation of the two-component catalyst are as followed: the calcination temperature is 400 ℃, calcination time is 3 h, component concentration is 1.2 mol/L, mole ratio of Zn and Co is 1∶1 and starch content is 1.5 g (in terms of 60 g bentonite). The catalyst prepared under the conditions catalyzes the oxidation of acid red with ozone, and the removal rate reaches 99.92% after 10 min of ozone reaction. After the catalyst is reused for 4 times, the removal rate still reaches 81.44%.

Preparation of cobalt aluminate/ceramic honeycomb catalyst and application thereof in dye wastewater treatment

ZHANG Lanhe, ZHANG Mingshuang, GAO Weiwei, LI Zheng, JIA Yanping, GAO Min, LING Liangxiong

Journal of Textile Research. 2019, 40(03):  125-132.  doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20180102208

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In order to increase the catalytic efficiency of advanced wastewater treatment by catalytic ozonation, cobalt aluminate(CoAl₂O₄)/ceramic honeycomb (CH) catalyst was prepared by a coating method. The influence of coating times, the addition amount of catalyst, calcination time and temperature on the catalytic efficiency was investigated to optimize the preparation conditions. The structure of catalysts were analyzed by X-ray diffractometer, field emission scanning electron microscopy and N₂-adsorption and desorption. The catalytic performance and mechanisms were evaluated by catalytic ozonation of hydroquinone. The results show that the catalytic efficiency of CoAl₂O₄/CH is the highest under the conditions of coating for 6 times, calcination temperature of 700 ℃, calcination time of 6 h and molar ratio of Co to Al of 0.4∶5. The specific surface area and pore volume are the highest and reach 45.47 m²/g and 0.05 cm²/g, respectively. Removal rate of hydroquinone is 84.51% and removal rate of COD is 50.60%. The prepared catalysts belong to the spinal structure and the coating has a sponge-like structure. The catalysts maintain high catalytic activity and stability after repeated use for more than 5 times. Therefore, the application is promising.

Apparel Engineering

Evaluation of thermal protection performance of honeycomb sandwich structure fabric for fireproof clothing

DU Feifei, LI Xiaohui, ZHANG Siyan

Journal of Textile Research. 2019, 40(03):  133-138.  doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20180400506

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In view of the heaviness and stuffiness of current fireproof clothing, a honeycomb sandwich structure with heat insulation, high temperature resistance, moisture absorption and ventilation was proposed to improve its performance of functional protection and heat and moisture comfort. By analyzing the inherent heat transfer mechanism of honeycomb sandwich structure, 7 different kinds of honeycomb sandwich structures were designed and fabricated. The current typical layers of fabrics were chosen as the experimental samples. Taking into account of the fabric weight and the sorts of honeycomb sandwich structure, 21 kinds of experimental schemes were designed. Thermal protection performance (TPP) tester was used to evaluate the thermal protection performance, and further the effect of side length, wall thickness and core thickness of honeycomb sandwich structure on thermal protection performance of fireproof clothing was investigated. Experimental results show that the honeycomb sandwich structure is light and can meet the requirements of thermal protection performance. The smaller the side length, the larger the wall thickness and the larger the core thickness, the larger the TPP value of the fabric and the better the thermal protection performance.

Application of eye tracker in visual evaluation of apparel fabric colors

ZHANG Sudao, XUE Wenliang, WEI Mengyuan, ZHOU Huangli

Journal of Textile Research. 2019, 40(03):  139-145.  doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20180401507

Abstract ( 674 )   HTML ( 6 )   PDF (2289KB) ( 221 )   Save

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In view of inaccurate subjective evaluation and difficult relation with objective evaluation of apparel fabrics color visual evaluation, the application of an eye tracker in this field was studied. Firstly, the simulated fabrics and 3-D simulated garments were designed with color scheme and lightness as the single variables. Then the fabrics and garments were adopted to carry out eye tracking experiments for fixation data, and questionnaires for subject's subjective preference were carried out. Finally, the correlation analysis of objective fixation data and subjective preference on fabrics and garments with the same color elements was carried out. It is found that the correlation coefficient between the fixation time and the subjective preference of the garments color scheme is 0.744, which is greater than that of the fabric color scheme 0.448, consistent with the results of the lightness variable. Therefore, the eye tracker can be adopted to establish a correlation between objective fixation and subjective preferences, and garments can more effectively reflect the overall effect of the apparel fabrics in the subjective consciousness of consumers, and has greater visual marketing value.

Management & Information

Identification of wool and cashmere based on multi-feature fusion image analysis technology

XING Wenyu, DENG Na, XIN Binjie, YU Chen

Journal of Textile Research. 2019, 40(03):  146-152.  doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20180403907

Abstract ( 635 )   HTML ( 4 )   PDF (2175KB) ( 301 )   Save

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For rapid identification of wool and cashmere, a method based on the multi-feature fusion for the fiber identification was proposed. Firstly, the images of wool and cashmere fibers were captured by an optical microscope and a digital camera. Secondly, two kinds of preprocessing operations were carried out respectively, and the binary images of single fiber image and background free fiber were obtained. Then, the texture parameters of the first kind of cashmere and wool fiber images were extracted by the gray level co-occurrence matrix algorithm and the diameter parameters of the second kinds of fiber images were extracted based on the central axis algorithm. Finally, the texture and morphological feature parameters were fused into multidimensional array and the clustering analysis was carried out by the K-means algorithm. The experimental results show that the average identification rate of the algorithm proposed can reach 95.25%. Compared with the conventional single fiber feature extraction algorithm, the recognition rate is high, which confirmed that this method can be used for automatic classification and identification of cashmere and wool fibers.

Modeling and reconstruction of blue calico patterns

TAO Chen, DUAN Yafeng, XU Rongrong, YANG Jianping, ZHOU Jiu

Journal of Textile Research. 2019, 40(03):  153-159.  doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20180300508

Abstract ( 604 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (2217KB) ( 98 )   Save

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Aiming at the modeling in digitalized innovation of blue calico patterns, a model for structuring blue calico elements was proposed based on cardinal splines, in which the rigidity of shape was expressed by the tension coefficient, and the concavity and variety were realized by configuration of the knots. Also the expressing of more complex elements by generalization of the model was discussed. The contour tracing technique was employed to extract pattern elements from the images, and the closest model instance was found out based on invariance of the Hu moments, then the model instances were transformed respecting to gravity, acreage and coincidence to meet the pattern elements so as to achieve digitalization of the whole pattern. The mapping function was introduced to create new patterns by filtering the model parameters, and the element model was applied to the pattern skeleton to modify it and bring about more outstanding innovations. The results show that the proposed methods have fine accuracy and efficiency in modeling and reconstruction as well as rich creativity in blue calico pattern innovation.

Numerical simulation of airflow field in vortex spinning process

SHANG Shanshan, YU Chongwen, YANG Jianping, QIAN Xixi

Journal of Textile Research. 2019, 40(03):  160-167.  doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20180304708

Abstract ( 537 )   HTML ( 5 )   PDF (2886KB) ( 125 )   Save

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In order to explicit the discipline of airflow generation and development in yarn formation process under the action of high speed airflow and overcome shortcomings in the current research, three-dimensional numerical simulation of the airflow characteristics during the whole vortex spinning process, including the initial state of yarn drawing-in process and the normal stable process, were obtained and analyzed. Spinning experiments, with the aid of scanning electron microscope, were adopted to verify the results of the numerical simulation. The results show that the state of airflow field is steady, which has less turbulence phenomenon at the beginning of the process, the air streamlines move orderly, the negative pressure produces a strong suction force facilitating drawing fiber bundle into nozzle successfully, and the numerical simulation speculates that the fibers cluster is better, and the wrapped effect is worse, which is consistent with the spinning experiments. The turbulence phenomenon in normal spinning process is more obvious, the trajectory of airflow is complex, the vortex and reflux phenomenon appear, the upstream airflow provides an extra tension for the yarn and may improve yarn strength, the numerical simulation speculates the fiber wrapped effect is better, and the yarn tenacity is predicted higher in numerical simulation results and verified by the spinning experiment results.

Improvement recognition method of vamp's feature points based on machine vision

XU Yang, ZHU Zhichao, SHENG Xiaowei, YU Zhiqi, SUN Yize

Journal of Textile Research. 2019, 40(03):  168-174.  doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20180401607

Abstract ( 699 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (2354KB) ( 92 )   Save

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Focusing on the problems of poor real-time,low efficiency and high cost of artificial recognition in vamps feature points,an improved method was proposed to automatically recognize the feature points of vamps by machine vision technology. Firstly,an improved median filter was used for preprocessing the grabbed images to eliminate noise interference. Secondly,by using the proposed adaptive threshold segmentation method, key regions of feature points were extracted. Finally,by morphological image processing and calculating the minimum circumscribed circle, the automatic identification of feature points was completed. In order to verify the reliability of the proposed method,group experiments were carried out on a large number of vamps samples under the condition of light intensity change and clutter,and the results were compared with the conventional one-dimensional and two-dimensional Otsu algorithm. The experimental results show that this method has better recognition accuracy and robustness in a variety of complex environments, the recognition success rate is above 93%, and the detection time is shorter than 0.5 s,which meets the demand of precision and real-time in industrial production.

Comprehensive Review

Preparation of colored polymer microspheres and research progress thereof in textile dyeing and printing

WANG Dongwei, FANG Kuanjun, LIU Xiuming, ZHANG Jianfei, SHU Dawu, ZHANG Xinqing

Journal of Textile Research. 2019, 40(03):  175-182.  doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20180402608

Abstract ( 720 )   HTML ( 7 )   PDF (2481KB) ( 145 )   Save

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In order to make up the inadequacy of dye and pigment used in textile dyeing and printing, the preparation of the colored polymer microspheres may be one of the effective ways to solve the problem. The preparation methods of the polymer microspheres were introduced. The three methods recently developed in preparation of the colored polymer microspheres, including the entrapment method, the direct staining method and the surface modification method, as well as their research progress were reviewed. The characteristics of the colored polymer microspheres prepared by various methods were analyzed and compared from four aspects, which include the size and single/narrow dispersion, the adsorption capacity and stability of the dye on the surface of the polymer microspheres, purity and functionality. The results show that the application of colored polymer microspheres in dyeing and printing of textiles achieve higher color depth and brightness, and the main color fastness can satisfy the requirement of wearability. With the advantages of good chromatic properties of dyes and good durability of organic pigments, the colored polymer microspheres show a good prospect in textile dyeing and printing.

Research and development trend of ventilation clothing thermal comfort

ZHAO Mengmeng, KE Ying, WANG Faming, LI Jun

Journal of Textile Research. 2019, 40(03):  183-188.  doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20180405806

Abstract ( 795 )   HTML ( 7 )   PDF (1695KB) ( 266 )   Save

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In order to reveal the mechanism of the ventilation clothing thermal comfort and explain the relationship of the heat and mass transfer between the ventilation clothing and the human body, the paper first introduced the origin and the working principle of the ventilation clothing and then explained the studying methods of the ventilation clothing thermal comfort by analyzing and concluding related researches of home and abroad. The studying methods included sweating thermal manikin measurements, human trials and mathematic models. The advantages and disadvantages of these studying methods were discussed. Results show that the mechanism of the thermal comfort of the ventilation clothing is an interdisciplinary engineering issue integrating environmental heat transfer, human physiological heat transfer, textile and clothing heat transfer and fluid dynamics. Finally, the paper prospected future researches of the ventilation clothing. Future researches will include accurate measurements of the air flow, the construction of the numerical models and the local and overall thermal comfort caused by the ventilation, etc.