机织间隔织物增强水泥基复合材料的制备及其力学性能

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20241102701

纺织学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (10): 120-128.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20241102701

机织间隔织物增强水泥基复合材料的制备及其力学性能

顾戚惠¹, 阳知乾², 王海楼¹, 魏发云¹, 张伟¹()

1.南通大学纺织服装学院, 江苏南通 226019
2.江苏苏博特新材料股份有限公司重大基础设施工程材料全国重点实验室, 江苏南京 211103

收稿日期:2024-11-11 修回日期:2025-07-08 出版日期:2025-10-15 发布日期:2025-10-15
通讯作者: 张伟(1981—),男,教授,博士。主要研究方向为功能性纤维及非织造材料开发。E-mail:zhangwei@ntu.edu.cn。
作者简介:顾戚惠(1998—),女,硕士。主要研究方向为织物改性混凝土。
基金资助:
江苏省重点研发计划项目(BE2023740);江苏省高等学校基础科学(自然科学)重大项目(24KJA540003)

Preparation of woven spacer fabric reinforced cementitious composites and its mechanical properties

GU Qihui¹, YANG Zhiqian², WANG Hailou¹, WEI Fayun¹, ZHANG Wei¹()

1. School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226019, China
2. State Key Laboratory of Materials for Major Infrastructure Engineering, Jiangsu Sobute New Materials Co., Ltd., Nanjing, Jiangsu 211103, China

Received:2024-11-11 Revised:2025-07-08 Published:2025-10-15 Online:2025-10-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为应对当前自然灾害和国际环境动荡对建筑材料安全性和抗冲击性产生的新要求,制备了机织间隔织物增强水泥基复合材料(TRC)。通过室温和100 ℃下的准静态三点弯曲实验及低速冲击实验,探究经纬方向、铺放位置、间隔纱高度对机织间隔织物增强水泥基复合材料的力学性能和失效破坏形式的影响规律。结果表明:将间隔纱高度较高的织物铺于底部时,有助于增强试件的力学性能,且失效后试件具有较好的完整性;玻璃纤维间隔织物可提高TRC的弯曲强度、韧性、耐温性;间隔纱高度越高,TRC的力学性能越好。其中,间隔纱高度为22 mm、间隔织物纬向设置、铺设于底部的TRC试件(TRC-Weft-BB22)室温下的抗弯强度和变形能分别比纯水泥(OPC)提高了274.4%和64.4倍;100 ℃温度下,TRC-Weft-BB22的纬向抗弯强度和变形能分别是OPC的3.5倍和172.3倍,强度较室温下仅损失5.4%;TRC-Weft-BB22在冲击3次后的强度仅损失了8.3%,平均吸收能量是OPC的9.32倍,试件完整性高。

关键词: 机织间隔织物, 水泥基复合材料, 弯曲性能, 冲击性能, 力学性能, 失效破坏形式

Abstract:

Objective Traditional steel and concrete materials are heavy and brittle in nature, having poor crack resistance. Therefore, the research and development of lightweight, reinforced and toughened building materials is of great significance. Woven spacer fabrics have the advantages of stable structure, design flexibility in cross-sectional structure, large internal space, and certain regularity. Woven spacer fabric-reinforced concrete has high bearing capacity, durability, and impact resistance. The weave structure can be adjusted according to needs and the reinforcement can be directed. In this study, 4 types of woven spacer fabrics with different spacer yarn heights were made using glass fibers, which were used to prepare woven spacer fabric-reinforced cement composite materials.

Method The 4 types of woven spacer fabrics were prepared with an "8"-shaped interlaced structure. The height of the spacer yarn was adjusted to control the spacing height. Spacers of different heights are placed between the upper and lower warps to control the spacing height. The spacer fabric was placed vertically in the mold and compounded with cement slurry by vibrating. The manufactured specimens were placed in a curing chamber at (20±2) ℃ and 95% relative humidity for 7 days. The mechanical properties and failure modes of the woven spacer fabric-reinforced cement-based composite were investigated through three-point bending tests at room temperature and 100 ℃, as well as impact tests to explore the effects of spacer fabric weaving direction, laying position, and spacing height on mechanical properties of the composites.

Results The woven spacer fabric enhances the bending performance of textile reinforced concretes (TRC), and the higher spacer yarn is beneficial for improving the bending performance. The peak load and deformation energy are more significantly improved in weft direction than warp direction. Placing the fabric in the middle of specimen is likely to cause delamination and interfacial layering of matrix, while placing it at the bottom of specimen increases the stiffness, peak load and deformation energy, thereby improving the overall integrity of specimen. The bridge-linking effect of spacer yarn is more obvious in the weft bending, which is related to the warp and weft arrangement of spacer yarns. At 100 ℃, the bending strength loss of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) is obvious due to water loss and high-temperature decomposition of hydrated calcium silicate. The glass fiber spacer fabric is beneficial for improving the thermal resistance of TRC and reducing the loss of strength and toughness at 100 ℃. The bending strength of TRC-Weft-BB3, TRC-Weft-BB10, TRC-Weft-BB18, and TRC-Weft-BB22 decreased by 26.1%, 11.0%, 14.4%, and 5.4%, respectively, and the bending strength loss of TRC decreased as the height of spacer yarn increased. The improvement of impact load of TRC by adding spacer fabric is limited, but the improvement of energy absorption is significant. At the same time, the TRC owns higher impact load and higher energy absorption with thicker spacer fabric. With repeated impact loading, the impact load value of the same TRC specimen gradually decreases, but the decrease in energy absorption is not obvious. Among them, the TRC-Weft-IB22 specimen after being impacted three times only had a strength loss of 8.3%, with an average energy absorption of 9.32 times that of OPC, and the integrity of the specimen was good.

Conclusion This paper prepared four types of woven spacer fabrics with different spacing heights, and the woven spacer fabric-reinforced cement composite materials were prepared. The woven spacer fabric-reinforced cement composite materials showed good bending strength and bending/impact toughness in bending test and impact test. The results show that the woven spacer fabric-reinforced cement composite materials have good mechanical properties and have good application prospects.

Key words: woven spacer fabric, cement composite, flexural property, impact property, mechanical property, failure and damage form

中图分类号:

TU528

顾戚惠, 阳知乾, 王海楼, 魏发云, 张伟. 机织间隔织物增强水泥基复合材料的制备及其力学性能[J]. 纺织学报, 2025, 46(10): 120-128.

GU Qihui, YANG Zhiqian, WANG Hailou, WEI Fayun, ZHANG Wei. Preparation of woven spacer fabric reinforced cementitious composites and its mechanical properties[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2025, 46(10): 120-128.

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链接本文: http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/10.13475/j.fzxb.20241102701

http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/Y2025/V46/I10/120

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试件编号	峰值载荷/N	峰值挠度/mm	抗弯强度/ MPa	变形能/ (N·mm)
OPC	928.99	0.23	4.46	81.03
TRC-Warp-BM3	868.47	0.26	4.17	927.51
TRC-Warp-BM10	931.16	1.33	4.47	1 544.01
TRC-Warp-BM18	1 936.13	1.59	9.29	2 037.50
TRC-Warp-BM22	2 142.63	1.28	10.28	2 219.15
TRC-Weft-BM3	1 252.21	1.51	6.01	1 103.48
TRC-Weft-BM10	1 590.76	0.66	7.64	1 899.41
TRC-Weft-BM18	2 458.04	1.31	11.80	2 132.94
TRC-Weft-BM22	2 576.26	1.59	12.37	2 635.37

试件	峰值载荷/N	峰值挠度/mm	抗弯强度/MPa	变形能/ (N·mm)
OPC	928.99	0.23	4.46	81.03
TRC-Warp-BB3	1 078.52	0.53	5.18	728.23
TRC-Warp-BB10	1 874.22	0.92	8.99	2 327.84
TRC-Warp-BB18	2 423.56	1.07	11.63	2 413.51
TRC-Warp-BB22	2 724.65	1.24	13.08	3 216.11
TRC-Weft-BB3	2 313.28	0.88	11.10	1 600.19
TRC-Weft-BB10	2 870.56	2.25	13.78	3 897.65
TRC-Weft-BB18	3 330.49	1.30	15.99	4 151.77
TRC-Weft-BB22	3 479.94	1.23	16.70	5 299.32

机织间隔织物增强水泥基复合材料的制备及其力学性能

Preparation of woven spacer fabric reinforced cementitious composites and its mechanical properties

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