聚丙烯腈-普鲁士蓝/月桂酸/环丙沙星光热响应性抗菌敷料的制备及其性能

doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20250404201

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为解决感染性创面治疗中抗生素耐药性加剧与精准抗菌需求提升所带来的临床问题,开发兼具高效抗菌活性与低耐药风险的智能敷料成为组织修复领域的研究热点。基于物理协同抗菌策略,通过静电纺丝技术构建了聚丙烯腈-普鲁士蓝/月桂酸/环丙沙星(PAN-PB/LA/CIP)光热响应性纳米纤维膜,通过正交试验优化工艺参数,并系统评估其形貌特征、光热转换效率、药物控释行为、抗菌性能及生物相容性。结果表明:在纺丝液质量分数14%、接收距离15 cm、电压16 kV的优化组合条件下可制备出结构均匀、性能稳定的纤维膜;近红外光触发下,该敷料可实现光热-药物协同抗菌,释药效率增加且释药率提升3倍以上;近红外光照射下,敷料对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠埃希菌的清除率达100%,且生物相容性良好。所制备样品能实现高效、安全抗菌并促进伤口愈合,其综合性能满足感染创面修复对抗菌微环境构建的临床需求,为开发新型自适应创面治疗系统提供了实验依据。

关键词: 抗菌敷料, 光热响应, 静电纺丝, 相变材料, 药物控释, 纳米纤维膜, 智能敷料

Abstract:

Objective In order to address the clinical challenges of increasing antibiotic resistance and the growing demand for precise antibacterial strategies in infected wound treatment, an intelligent dressing with high antibacterial efficacy and low resistance risk was developed. By integrating photothermal therapy (PTT) with controlled drug release technology, a photothermally responsive antibacterial nanofiber membrane was constructed. Near-infrared (NIR) light was utilized to trigger localized hyperthermia and synergistic drug release, achieving efficient antibacterial action while minimizing damage to healthy tissues.

Method The polyacrylonitrile-Prussian blue/lactic acid/ciprofloxacin (PAN-PB/LA/CIP) nanofiber membrane was prepared by electrospinning PAN with PB, LA, and CIP. A three-factor and three-level orthogonal experiment was adopted to optimize spinning parameters (concentration, voltage, distance). Morphology and photothermal properties were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and thermal imaging, while drug release profiles were obtained by measuring cumulative release rates. Antibacterial activity against S.aureus and E.coli with/without NIR irradiation was tested. Cytotoxicity was assessed via CCK-8.

Results The optimum electrospinning process parameters for preparing PAN-PB/LA/CIP fiber film were determined by three-factor and three-level orthogonal experiment, which are 14% spinning solution concentration, 15 cm receiving distance and 16 kV voltage. The fiber membrane prepared under these conditions showed a uniform structure, the average fiber diameter was stable at 270 nm without obvious beading phenomenon, and good air permeability. The SEM and FT-IR characterization results revealed that the average particle size of the prepared PB nanoparticles was (137.5±24.6) nm, which was consistent with the document. FT-IR analysis confirmed that all components of PAN-PB/LA/CIP fiber membrane were successfully prepared, PB, CIP, and PAN were physically mixed with each other and LA with chemical bonding reaction, ensuring the functional stability and better quality of the material. The fiber membrane showed good photothermal synergistic antibacterial properties: under the near-infrared light irradiation of 0.5 W/cm², the fiber membrane temperature rapidly rose to 48.5 ℃ within 20 min and remained stable, which was significantly better than the pure PAN fiber membrane in the control group (the temperature rose by only 1.9 ℃), and had good photothermal activity. The photothermal conversion performance of the fiber membrane remained stable after three light cycles. When triggered by near-infrared light, the drug release behavior of the fiber membrane changed significantly, and the cumulative drug release at 24 h and 72 h reached 12.15% and 17.83%, respectively, compared to the non-light group (4.95% and 5.67%), indicating that the increase rate was more than three times, and the drug release rate was significantly accelerated and that the photothermal therapy dominated by the fiber membrane can significantly improve the therapeutic efficiency. The results of antibacterial experiment further confirmed its excellent antibacterial performance: under near-infrared light irradiation, the clearance rate of PAN-PB/LA/CIP fiber membrane against S.aureus and E.coli reached 100%. Multiple comparison results demonstrated that the incorporation of CIP significantly enhanced the antibacterial efficacy of the fiber membrane against both S.aureus and E.coli, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05) between the NIR-irradiated group and the control group. The PAN-PB/LA/CIP nanofiber membrane, which combines photothermal and antibacterial effects, exhibited outstanding antibacterial performance under NIR irradiation. Moreover, cytotoxicity assessment (cell viability > 90%) confirmed its excellent biocompatibility.

Conclusion A photothermally responsive PAN-PB/LA/CIP composite antibacterial dressing was successfully developed, which achieves synergistic antibacterial action through localized hyperthermia and controlled drug release. Optimized spinning parameters ensured structural stability and air permeability. NIR-triggered heating (48.5 ℃) combined with rapid drug release significantly enhanced antibacterial efficiency (100% clearance) while avoiding thermal damage to tissues. The dressing demonstrates potential for constructing antibacterial microenvironments in infected wounds, providing a foundation for self-adaptive wound treatment systems.In the future, it is necessary to further optimize the ratio of materials, explore in vivo experiments and long-term biocompatibility, and promote its clinical development.

Key words: antibacterial dressing, photothermal response, electrospinning, phase change material, drug controlled release, nanofiber membrane, smart dressing

中图分类号:

TS106.6

赵婧雯, 袁香楠, 高晶, 王璐. 聚丙烯腈-普鲁士蓝/月桂酸/环丙沙星光热响应性抗菌敷料的制备及其性能[J]. 纺织学报, 2026, 47(1): 20-28.

ZHAO Jingwen, YUAN Xiangnan, GAO Jing, WANG Lu. Preparation and properties of polyacrylonitrile-Prussian blue/lactic acid/ciprofloxacin photothermal responsive antibacterial dressings[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2026, 47(1): 20-28.

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链接本文: http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/10.13475/j.fzxb.20250404201

http://www.fzxb.org.cn/CN/Y2026/V47/I1/20

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